If you observe the world in the eyes of a dog you will see that it is colored in white and in different shades of grey. It was once believed that dogs do not have the ability to see colors. Dogs are highly valued for their ultrasensitive senses. Dogs have protected humans using their excellent scenting and hearing abilities. Sighthounds are highly valued for their keen vision that keeps a prey in sight. Dogs are claimed to have the ability to see better in the dark as well . Humans therefore can sleep soundly at night, unmindful of intruders as long as there is a dog is in the house.

With these ultrasensitive senses, it is surprising to note that dogs are believed incapable of seeing colors. Dogs can see color but the colors they can distinguish are fewer than what humans can see. The fact that dogs can see colors was proven by a study on canine vision conducted in the University of California. Of course due to the less detailed vision, a dog may not be able to appreciate a bright red ball given that in the eyes of the dog the color of the ball would either be black or brownish gray.

It has always been claimed that the genetics of dogs is similar to humans. Similar to humans, a dogs eye has special cells called cone photoreceptors that controls color perception by catching the light. However, while humans have three cone photoreceptors, dogs only have two. The three cones in our eyes delivers 100% full range vision while dogs have approximately 20% range of color vision as they lack on cone. This makes a dog’s vision about six times inferior than what we humans have.

The ROYGBIV colors of the rainbow will be seen by the dog as blue, light blue, grey, light yellow, brownish yellow and dark grey. This means that in the eyes of a dog, the world is basically colored in blue, grey and yellow. Given the dog’s limited vision for color, it is quite surprising that our loyal companions can distinguish the subtle alterations of colors that creates different shades of blue and violets.

Humans cannot see the slight change in the shades of violet and blues because of the yellow pigmentation that obstructs short wavelengths and lessens the eyes’ sensitivity. Dogs have an enhanced ability to see various shades of light and blue as the eyes of dogs do not have this yellow pigmentation.

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